Which formula is used to calculate the maximum heart rate for males?

To calculate the maximum heart rate for males, the commonly used formula is 220 minus the individual's age. This formula helps estimate the highest number of beats per minute (bpm) that a person can achieve during intense physical exertion. For example, if a male is 30 years old, his estimated maximum heart rate would be 220 - 30, which equals 190 bpm.

The formula is based on research that identifies a general trend between age and maximum heart rate, reflecting how heart efficiency and capacity typically decrease with age. Using this formula provides a useful guideline for individuals to determine safe and effective exercise intensities based on their heart rate.

The other options, while they may seem reasonable, do not align with the established formula for calculating maximum heart rate that is widely accepted in fitness and health contexts.