What is the ideal orientation for living areas in energy-efficient housing?

In energy-efficient housing, the ideal orientation for living areas is to face north, particularly in the southern hemisphere. This orientation allows for the maximum capture of direct sunlight during the winter months when the sun is lower in the sky. By receiving sunlight from the north, living areas can benefit from natural heating, reducing the need for artificial heating and enhancing overall comfort.

Additionally, a north-facing design enables ample light during the day, creating a bright and inviting atmosphere. This sunlight can help mitigate heating costs, especially in colder seasons. Proper orientation also aids in passive solar design, where the placement of windows, overhangs, and thermal mass can optimize energy use throughout the year.

In contrast, other orientations might bring specific drawbacks. For example, a south orientation may lead to overheating in summer months due to excessive sunlight, while east-facing rooms would only get morning sunlight, and west-facing areas could experience too much heat in the late afternoon and evening. Thus, the north-facing living areas strike a balance between gaining warmth in winter and avoiding excessive heat in summer, making it the most energy-efficient choice.